Adaptive Flipped Learning: personalización y motivación en la Educación Superior
Palabras clave:
Educación superior, Innovación Pedagógica, Tecnología educativa, Aprendizaje autónomo, Formación del profesoradoResumen
El modelo Adaptive Flipped Learning representa una evolución del aula invertida tradicional mediante la incorporación de principios de aprendizaje adaptativo apoyados por inteligencia artificial. Este estudio analiza su impacto en la formación inicial del profesorado de Educación Física, evaluando cómo favorece la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas del alumnado según la Teoría de la Autodeterminación. Se empleó un diseño cuasiexperimental con metodología mixta para recoger percepciones de 92 estudiantes de grado, utilizando instrumentos validados y análisis temático de respuestas abiertas. Los resultados muestran una valoración muy positiva del modelo en cuanto a motivación, flexibilidad, utilidad percibida y autorregulación. Se destacan las implicaciones pedagógicas del uso de plataformas adaptativas basadas en mapas de competencias desbloqueables y retroalimentación personalizada. El estudio refuerza el potencial del Adaptive Flipped Learning como estrategia innovadora para rediseñar experiencias de aprendizaje más inclusivas, personalizadas y centradas en el estudiante en contexto universitario.
Citas
Bergmann, J., & Sams, A. (2012). Flip Your Classroom: Reach Every Student in Every Class Every Day. International Society for Technology in Education.
Bosch-Farré, C., Cicres, J., Patiño-Masó, J., Morera Basuldo, P., Toran-Monserrat, P., Lladó Martínez, A., & Malagón-Aguilera, M. D. C. (2024). Efectividad de la metodología de aula inversa en el ámbito universitario. Una revisión sistemática. Educación XX1, 27(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.35773
Brummer, L., De Boer, H., Mouw, J. M., & Strijbos, J.-W. (2024). A meta-analysis of the effects of context, content, and task factors of digitally delivered instructional feedback on learning performance. Learning Environments Research, 27(3), 453-476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-024-09501-4
Esmaeili, S., Tamjid, N. H., Sadeghi, K., & Seifoori, Z. (2020). Effects of flipped teaching method integrated with corrective feedback on EFL learners’ grammar learning and retention. International Journal of Learning Technology, 15(4), 309. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLT.2020.113882
Ferriz-Valero, A., Østerlie, O., Penichet-Tomas, A., & Baena-Morales, S. (2022). The Effects of Flipped Learning on Learning and Motivation of Upper Secondary School Physical Education Students. Frontiers in Education, 7, 832778. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.832778
Ferriz-Valero, A., Sánchez-Gil-Machín, R., García-Martínez, S., & Baena-Morales, S. (2025). La importancia del feedback en el aula invertida: Motivación y rendimiento académico en universitarios. Educación XX1, 28(2), 171-199. https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.42098
Finn, B., Thomas, R., & Rawson, K. A. (2018). Learning more from feedback: Elaborating feedback with examples enhances concept learning. Learning and Instruction, 54, 104-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2017.08.007
Gilboy, M. B., Heinerichs, S., & Pazzaglia, G. (2015). Enhancing Student Engagement Using the Flipped Classroom. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 47(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2014.08.008
Gligorea, I., Cioca, M., Oancea, R., Gorski, A.-T., Gorski, H., & Tudorache, P. (2023). Adaptive Learning Using Artificial Intelligence in e-Learning: A Literature Review. Education Sciences, 13(12), 1216. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13121216
González-Cutre, D., Romero-Elías, M., Jiménez-Loaisa, A., Beltrán-Carrillo, V. J., & Hagger, M. S. (2020). Testing the need for novelty as a candidate need in basic psychological needs theory. Motivation and Emotion, 44(2), 295-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-019-09812-7
Han, H., & Røkenes, F. M. (2020). Flipped Classroom in Teacher Education: A Scoping Review. Frontiers in Education, 5, 601593. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.601593
Hattie, J., & Timperley, H. (2007). The Power of Feedback. Review of Educational Research, 77(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3102/003465430298487
Katona, J., & Gyonyoru, K. I. K. (2025). Integrating AI-based adaptive learning into the flipped classroom model to enhance engagement and learning outcomes. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 8, 100392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2025.100392
Knoke, C., Woll, A., & Wagner, I. (2024). Health promotion in physical education through digital media: A systematic literature review. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 54(2), 276-290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-023-00932-4
Moreno-Guerrero, A.-J., López-Belmonte, J., Parra-González, M. E., & Segura-Robles, A. (2024). Flipped learning como herramienta generadora de mejoras académicas en educación superior. Revista Fuentes, 1(26), Article 26. https://doi.org/10.12795/revistafuentes.2024.22244
Østerlie, O., Sargent, J., Killian, C., Garcia-Jaen, M., García-Martínez, S., & Ferriz-Valero, A. (2023). Flipped learning in physical education: A scoping review. European Physical Education Review, 29(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X221120939
Prieto, A., Barbarroja, J., Álvarez, S., & Corell, A. (2020). Eficacia del modelo de aula invertida (flipped classroom) en la enseñanza universitaria: Una síntesis de las mejores evidencias. Revista de Educación, 391, Article 391. https://doi.org/10.4438/1988-592X-RE-2021-391-476
Ryan, A. T., Judd, T., Wilson, C., Larsen, D. P., Elliott, S., Kulasegaram, K., & Swanson, D. (2024). Timing’s not everything: Immediate and delayed feedback are equally beneficial for performance in formative multiple‐choice testing. Medical Education, 58(7), 838-847. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.15287
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (Eds.). (2017). Self-Determination Theory: Basic Psychological Needs in Motivation, Development, and Wellness. Guilford Press. https://doi.org/10.1521/978.14625/28806
Sanchez-De Miguel, M., Orkaizagirre-Gomara, A., Izagirre-Otaegi, A., Badiola, I., Ortiz De Elguea-Díaz, F. J., Gomez-Gastiasoro, A., Ferriz-Valero, A., & Goudas, M. (2023). Association among University Students’ Motivation, Resilience, Perceived Competence, and Classroom Climate from the Perspective of Self-Determination Theory. Education Sciences, 13(2), 147. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13020147
Sanchez-Gil-Machín, R., Baena Morales, S., Molina-García, N., & Ferriz-Valero, A. (2025). Impact of Feedback in Flipped Learning on the Development of Soft Skills of University Students. Education Sciences, 15(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15010063
Santiago, Raúl., & Bergmann, J. (2021). Aprender al revés: Flipped learning 3.0 y metodologías activas en el aula (1a ed., 4a impr). Paidós.
Seo, K., Tang, J., Roll, I., Fels, S., & Yoon, D. (2021). The impact of artificial intelligence on learner–instructor interaction in online learning. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18(1), 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00292-9
Taxipulati, S., & Lu, H.-D. (2021). The Influence of Feedback Content and Feedback Time on Multimedia Learning Achievement of College Students and Its Mechanism. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 706821. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.706821
Thai, N. T. T., De Wever, B., & Valcke, M. (2017). The impact of a flipped classroom design on learning performance in higher education: Looking for the best “blend” of lectures and guiding questions with feedback. Computers & Education, 107, 113-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.01.003
Wisniewski, B., Zierer, K., & Hattie, J. (2020). The Power of Feedback Revisited: A Meta-Analysis of Educational Feedback Research. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 3087. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03087
Woolf, B. P., Lane, H. C., Chaudhri, V. K., & Kolodner, J. L. (2013). AI Grand Challenges for Education. AI Magazine, 34(4), 66-84. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v34i4.2490
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – where are the educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0
Zhang, Y., Dai, C., Pi, Z., & Yang, J. (2023). Pre-class teacher feedback in the flipped classroom: Cognitive or praise feedback is better than mitigating feedback. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 60(3), 357-367. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2022.2052932
Zhou, X. (2023). A conceptual review of the effectiveness of flipped learning in vocational learners’ cognitive skills and emotional states. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1039025. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1039025








