Factores determinantes del rendimiento académico al primer año universitario: una revisión sistemática mediante PRISMA-ScR
Palabras clave:
Rendimiento académico, Estudiantes de primer ingreso, Educación superior, Factores determinantesResumen
En México, la formación profesional enfatiza el aprendizaje activo como base para la construcción y adquisición del conocimiento. Sin embargo, los estudiantes de primer año universitario enfrentan diversas circunstancias psicosociales y académicas que afectan su adaptación y rendimiento académico. Dado que los estudios sobre este periodo crítico son escasos en América Latina, esta investigación realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura siguiendo las directrices PRISMA-ScR. Se analizaron 47 estudios empíricos publicados entre 2014 y 2023, identificados en bases especializadas como Scopus, ERIC DataStar, APA-PsycNET y WoS. Los hallazgos identifican factores determinantes del rendimiento académico y buscan fundamentar estrategias que promuevan el aprendizaje activo y la permanencia estudiantil en educación superior.
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